Aikman, S., & Pridmore, P. (2001). Multigrade schooling in ‘remote’ areas of Vietnam. International Journal of Educational Development, 21(6), 521–536.
Bashiri Haddadan G, Mahmoodi F, Rezapoor Karimi M.S., Ghafoori Kh. (2018). The limitations and benefits of multi-grade classes based on multi-grade classes teachers' lived experiences. Journal of Teacher's Professional Development, 3(2): 59-74. (In Persian).
Buaraphan K, Inrit B, Kochasila W. (2018). Current policy and practice concerning multigrade teaching in Thailand. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 39(3): 496-501
Checchi D, De Paola M. (2018). The effect of multigrade classes on cognitive and non- cognitive skills. Causal evidence exploiting minimum class size rules in Italy. Economics of Education Review, 67: 235-253.
Hargreaves, E., Montero, C., Chau, N., Sibli, M., & Thanh, T. (2001). Multigrade teaching in Peru, Sri Lanka and Vietnam: An overview. International Journal of Educational Development, 21(6), 499–520.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0738-0593(01)00013-X
Joubert, J. (2010). Multi-grade teaching in South Africa. Commonwealth Education Partnerships. Retrieved from
https://bit.ly/3ivc8Xa.
Kamel, S. (2013). Multigrade education: application and teacher preparation in Egypt.
Kalender, B., & Erdem, E. (2021). Challenges faced by classroom teachers in multigrade classrooms: A case study. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 5(4), 76–91.
Karaçoban, F. (2022). Evaluation of the curriculum of the “Teaching in Multigrade
Classrooms” course in pre-service teacher education. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 12(1), 84–99. https://doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2022.004
Karimi MS, Ghafoori Kh. (2018). The limitations and benefits of multi-grade classes based on multi-grade classes teachers' lived experiences. Journal of Teacher's Professional Development, 3(2): 59-74. (In Persian).
Kartal, A., & Güven Demir, E. (2023). Multi-grade teaching: Experiences of teachers and preservice teachers in Turkey. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 13(2), 170–188. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.2022.00132
Khakzad F, Dehghani M, Razi J. (2016). Comparison of implicit learning and academic achievement in multiple grade classes in primary schools. Applied Psychological Research Quarterly, 7(1): 41-56. (In Persian).
Little, A. W. (2001). Multigrade teaching: Towards an international research and policy agenda. International Journal of Educational Development, 21(6), 481–497.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0738-0593(01)00011-6
Little, A. W. (2006). Multigrade teaching: towards an international research and policy agenda. International Journal of Educational Development, 21(6), 481- 497.
Meng F, Chu D, Li K, Zhou X. (2019). Multiple-class multidimensional knapsack optimisation problem and its solution approaches. KnowledgeBased-Systems, 166: 1-17.
Mohammadpour, Salah (2014) Comparative study of multi-grade education in the Islamic Republic of Iran and India. Master's thesis in the field of educational sciences, comparative education, faculty of educational sciences, department of education.
Mohammadpour, Salah; Nazarisina, Ahmed; Qureshi, Saeed (2014) Teaching guide in multi-grade classes. Tehran: School.
Mortazavizadeh, S. H., Nili, M. R., Naderi Eghbali, A. R., & Hassani, M. (2017). Teachers’ lived experiences about teaching–learning process in multi-grade classes. Journal of Education and Learning, 6(4), 354–363.
https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v6n4p354
Mortazavizadeh S.H., Nili M.R., Nasr Isfahani A.R., Hassani M. (2018). Analysis of teachers' views about the problems of project descriptive qualitative evaluation in multigrade classrooms and providing solutions to eliminate them. Research in Curriculum Planning, 15(30): 80-93. (In Persian).
Mortazavizadeh, S.H. (2019). Management and planning of multigrade classes. Tehran: Kourosh Publications. (Text in Persian).
Naparan, G. B., & Alinsug, V. G. (2021). Classroom strategies of multigrade teachers. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 3, 100109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100109
Organization of research and educational planning (1400) practical guide for teachers of multi-grade classes. Tehran: Offset.
Piri M, Shahi R. (2016). Effects of multi-media teaching on academic engagement of sixth grade learners of nomadic multi-grade classes in science course. Technology of Education Journal, 11(1): 11-19. (In Persian)
Rachmadyanti, P., et al. (2023). Multigrade learning in elementary schools: A bibliometric analysis (Scopus 2013–2023). In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Educational Technology and Innovation (ICETI 2023). Atlantis Press.
https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-056-5_36
Seyyed Kalan SM, Heidari. (2021). Evaluating the management of multi-grade elementary school classrooms from the perspective of educational leaders. Pouyesh Journal in Teaching Educational Sciences and Counseling, 6(13): 2-18. (In Persian).
Shareefa, M. (2021). Using differentiated instruction in multigrade classes: A case of a small school. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 41(1), 167-181.
Taole, M. J. (2020). Diversity and inclusion in rural South African multigrade classrooms. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 24(12), 1268-1284.
UNESCO. (2007). Practical tips for teaching multigrade classes. Paris: UNESCO
Unesco, E. (2007). EFA global monitoring report 2008: Paris: UNESCO Publishing, Oxford University Press.
Veenman, S. (1995). Cognitive and noncognitive effects of multigrade and multi-age classes: A best-evidence synthesis. Review of Educational Research, 65(4), 319–381.
https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543065004319
B2n.ir/f94349 (Irna, 2023) accessed in 2023/12/23
B2n.ir/u99178 (mehrnews, 2010) accessed in 2023/10/23
B2n.ir/s55431 (Isna, 2018/7/25) accessed in 2023/12/23
B2n.ir/y11441 (Isna, 2018/3/25) accessed in 2023/12/23
https://www.vosviewer.com/ accessed in 2023/11/23
)