بررسی عناصر طراحی و تدوین برنامه درسی با رویکرد پساکیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 دانشیار برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده روان شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

با قرار گرفتن در عصر آنتروپوسین، جهان با وجود پیچیدگی و تحولات سریع، سرعت‌بخشی در امر یاددهی- یادگیری، اقدامات عملی و به کارگیری آن را ضروری می‌داند، به طوری‌که شیوه‌های سنتی و پیش‌سازمان یافته دیگر نمی‌تواند پاسخگوی نیازهای بشر در امر آموزش باشد. همین امر سبب شد رویکرد نوین پساکیفی که رویکردی غیرخطی، غیر رادیکال و آزاد، با ساختارهای پساساختارگرایانه و پساامانیسمی به منصه ظهور برسد. بنا به اهمیت برنامه ریزی درسی به عنوان رکن اساسی تغییر، تحول و نوآوری در آموزش و پرورش، تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی عناصر طراحی و تدوین برنامه درسی با رویکرد پساکیفی به روش اسنادی از طریق پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی بین‌المللی، فارسی و موتور جستجوی علمی صورت پذیرفت که در نهایت 8 مقاله به تفصیل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به ‌منظور افزایش اتکاپذیری، تاییدپذیری، باورپذیری صحت داده‌ها، از شیوه‌های « بازبینی دو ارزیاب و بهره‌گیری از نظرات همکاران پژوهشی و تایید آن‌ها»، «تبیین جزئیات دقیق فرایند گردآوری و تحلیل داده‌ها»، «سه سویه نگری مبتنی بر تنوع بخشی مقالات مرتبط، تحلیل موارد منفی و متنافض تفسیر شده در داده ها» استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که این رویکرد ظرفیت‌های لازم برای محقق شدن و رفع نیازهای دنیای کنونی بشر را دارد. پژوهش حاضر اولین تلاش داخلی در ورود به حوزه علوم تربیتی، طراحی و تدوین برنامه درسی است. لذا با توجه به رشد و گسترش این رویکرد در جهان و بهره‌گیری از فرصت‌های آن، ورود به این حوزه به پژوهشگران داخلی و استفاده از این رویکرد به مربیان و معلمان حوزه‌‌ی تعلیم و تربیت پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Elements of designing and developing curriculum with a post-qualitative approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam hedayati varkiani 1
  • hosein shokoohi fard 2
  • mohammad akbari boorang 2
  • hadi Poorshāfe'i 2
1 PhD in Psychology
2 Assistant Professor of Curriculum Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Birjand University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Being in the Anthropocene era, despite the complexity and rapid changes, the world considers it necessary to speed up teaching-learn ing, practical measures, and its application, so that the traditional and pre-organized methods can no longer meet the needs of mankind in terms of education. This caused the new post-qualitative approach, which is a non-linear, non-radical, and free approach, with post-structuralist and post-manic structures to come to the fore. Due to the importance of curriculum plan ing as a fundamental pillar of change, transformation, and innova tion in education, the present research was conducted with the aim of examining the elements of designing and developing curriculum with a post-qualitative approach using a docume ntary method and through internat ional, and Persian databases and scientific search engines. Finally, 8 articles were examined in detail. In order to increase the dependability, confirmability, and credibility of the data, the methods of "reviewing two evaluators and using the opinions of research colleagues and confirming them", "explaining the exact details of the process of data collection and analysis", "three-way perspective based on the diversification of related articles, analysis of negative and conflicting cases interpreted in the data" were used. The results showed that this approach has the necessary capacities to realize and meet the needs of the current human world. The current research is the first domestic effort in entering the field of educational sciences, curriculum designing, and development. There fore, considering the growth and expansion of this approach in the world and taking advantage of its opportunities, entering this field is suggested to the domestic researchers and the use of this approach is suggested to the trainers and teachers in the field of education.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Designing
  • Developing
  • Curriculum
  • Post-qualitative Approach
  • Documentary Method
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